JACC Case Rep. 2026 Jan 19:106787. doi: 10.1016/j.jaccas.2025.106787. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-associated myocarditis is an uncommon but life-threatening complication. Management is particularly challenging when high-dose corticosteroids are contraindicated and in the presence of clinical-biomarker dissociation.
CASE SUMMARY: A 69-year-old man presented with cardiogenic shock and ventricular tachycardia 3 weeks after his first dose of pembrolizumab for lung adenocarcinoma. Despite corticosteroid constraints owing to pulmonary tuberculosis and the complexity of clinical decision-making during tapering with rebound troponin T elevation, the patient achieved favorable long-term survival.
DISCUSSION: This case demonstrates a successful management strategy for fulminant ICI-associated myocarditis under the dual constraints of limited corticosteroid use and persistent biomarker elevation, offering valuable clinical insights.
TAKE-HOME MESSAGES: Rebound elevation of troponin T levels may indicate myocardial remodeling rather than active injury, supporting corticosteroid tapering in clinically stable patients. In patients with ICI-associated myocarditis and contraindications to corticosteroids, early steroid tapering combined with alternative immunosuppressive therapy may still achieve favorable outcomes.
PMID:41553325 | DOI:10.1016/j.jaccas.2025.106787